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长江经济带是我国磷矿、磷化工企业和磷石膏库的主要集中分布区域，长江经济带沿江磷石膏库库容大、距离长江干支流近，潜在生态环境问题突出。磷石膏是湿法磷酸生产中的副产物，含有可溶性磷、氟、有机物等杂质，长期堆存会污染区域土壤和水体，对长江流域生态环境造成较大威胁。对目前磷石膏资源化利用的主要途径，包括矿井充填，制备石膏建材、水泥缓凝剂、硫酸盐类化工产品，用作生态修复材料等进行了总结，梳理了磷石膏资源化利用的主要问题，如历史存量大、关键共性技术缺乏、利用规模和应用场景有限、标准体系和政策支持不完善等，从完善磷石膏利用的相关政策、加强对磷石膏的全生命周期研究、拓宽利用规模和应用场景、完善标准体系建设等4个方面提出了相关建议，为我国磷石膏的污染防治和资源化利用提供了参考。
Abstract：The Yangtze River Economic Belt is the main concentrated distribution area of phosphate ores, phosphorus chemical enterprises, and phosphogypsum reservoirs in China.The phosphogypsum reservoirs along the Yangtze River have large storage capacity, and they are close to the main tributaries of the Yangtze River, therefore there will be prominently potential ecological and environmental problems.Phosphogypsum is a by-product of wet process phosphoric acid production, containing soluble phosphorus, fluorine, organic matter, and other impurities.Long-term accumulation of phosphogypsum can pollute regional soil and water, and pose a great threat to the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin.In this paper, we review the current main approaches for utilizing phosphogypsum resources, including mine filling, preparation of gypsum building materials, cement retarder, sulfate chemical products, and ecological restoration materials.Moreover, we summarize the key problems related to the resource utilization of phosphogypsum, such as large historical stock, lack of key common technologies, limited utilization scale and application scenarios, imperfect standard system and policy support, etc.Furthermore, we put forward some suggestions from four perspectives, including improving the policy of phosphogypsum utilization, strengthening the full lifecycle research of phosphogypsum, expanding the utilization scale and application scenarios, and improving the construction of standard system, so as to provide a guidance for pollution control and resource utilization of phosphogypsum in China.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TQ177.375
引用信息:
[1]江涛,乔雪园,童军,等.长江经济带磷石膏资源化利用现状、问题及对策[J].化学与生物工程,2026,43(02):1-7+49.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(U2340214); 中国长江三峡集团有限公司资助项目(NBWL202200489)
2024-12-20
2024
2025-02-27
2025
2
2025-05-07
2025-05-07
2025-05-07